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Citation Help and Avoiding Plagiarism

Help with citation styles, citation tools, integrating sources into text, and plagiarism.

APA Publication Manual (7th edition)

     APA Style is used primarily by Business, Economics, Education, Psychology, Social Sciences, and Sciences.

APA (American Psychological Association) style uses in-text, or narrative, parenthetical citations.

  • APA 7th edition (Print Book)
    • Find the Publication manual of the American Psychological Association: the official guided to APA Style at Clemens or Alcuin 
    • Call number BF76.7 .P83 2020
    • Includes formatting and style instructions that can help you write your paper, and examples for References pages. 
      • For example, how to write numbers, or when to hyphenate.
  • APA 7th edition (Purdue OWL)
    • Purdue OWL APA Formatting and Style Guide

APA 7th edition: Common Examples

In-Text (Narrative) citations: 

Two kinds of information are included for in-text citations:

  1. Author's last name
  2. Page number for the reference

A comma should separate the last name and page number in the parenthetical citation: (Wegener, 1994)

Common examples:

Book

  •  List by their last names and initials. Use the ampersand (&) instead of "and" if more than one author.

Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Publisher Name.

  • Note: Location of publisher is NOT needed.

Journal

Wegener, D. T., & Petty, R. E. (1994). Mood management across affective states: The hedonic contingency hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(3), 1034-1048. https://doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225.

  • Note: Only the 1st letter in an article title is capitalized. The journal name is italicized. “Page” does not appear before numbers

Web page

Author, A. A. & Author B. B. (Year, Month, Date). Title of page. Site name. https://www.someaddress.com/full/url/.

  • Note: You only need to include a date of access (Retrieved from) when the page's content is likely to change over time. 
    If the web page is by a group or organization, use that as the author. If the site name and author are the same, omit the site name.